Yiddish speakers usually have an easier time understanding German than vice versa, largely because Yiddish has added words from other languages, including Hebrew and Slavic languages, which makes it more difficult for German speakers to understand. From the 1500s to 1900, a large corpus of Kajkavian literature was written. the use of the accusative is nearly identical in Ni Torlak and Kumanovo Macedonian (cannot say the same for standard Macedonian as it has no accusative to begin with) and is, in general, more of an oblique case than anything else Masovian, which is spoken throughout the central and eastern regions of Poland. 15), Part II", "Intelligibility of standard German and Low German to speakers of Dutch", "Cross-Border Intelligibility on the Intelligibility of Low German among Speakers of Danish and Dutch", "Mutual intelligibility of Dutch-German cognates by humans and computers", "Morpho-syntax of mutual intelligibility in the Turkic languages of Central Asia - Surrey Morphology Group", "Kirundi language, alphabet and pronunciation", "Tokelauan Language Information & Resources", "Majlis Bahasa Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Malaysia (MABBIM)", "Indonesian-Malay mutual intelligibility? 3. The syntax is though very very similar! But reading a Bulgarian text is surprisingly easy, because the phonology and vocabulary are very similar. A western Slovak can even understand most of Ruthenians hen they are speaking. In fact, many Macedonians are switching away from the Macedonian language towards Serbo-Croatian. Much of the claimed intelligibility is simply bilingual learning. I think it was mostly due to a learning few high frequency Polish words that are difficult for a Russian native speaker to understand. some things in this article are heavily exaggerated. the copula is mostly the same (sm/si/e/smo/ste/su vs. sum/si/e/sme/ste/se) If you know Polish, you're likely to understand a little Russian, Ukrainian and other Slavic languages, but this doesn't mean that the languages are mutually intelligible. The reason that these languages seem to be mutually intelligible is because almost all Ukrainians are bilingual anyway, and capable of switching between the two at will. Not true about Czech / Slovak inteligibility. Learning a language becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks. The reason Macedonian appears not very intelligible to a Serbian speaker is because many basic words (be, do, this, that, where, etc) are completely different, however most of the rest of the vocabulary is similar or the same. Its true that Slavic languages are not intelligible in the taking-the-first-person-from-the-street-and-making-them-listen-to-a-random-conversation way, that is, an average Slavic speaker with an untrained ear and little to no exposure to other Slavic languages will have difficulty understanding other Slavic languages. The intelligibility of Czech and Slovak is much exaggerated. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1n9KMawa-8 OMG! You cannot simply separate the articles from the words during a regular conversation. Ni Torlak vowel reflexes are otherwise in line with standard Serbian and Northwestern Macedonian, deriving nuclear /u e i e u r/ from / y * *l *r/; some Torlak dialects towards Kosovo or Bulgaria instead have [l ~ l] for /l/ (giving [v()l(:)k] where Serbian normally has [v:k]) but none in my vicinity. Its vocabulary and grammar has enough similarities for Poles, Ukrainians and Belarusians to understand each other well, whereas Russians understand only will recognise separate words. Czechs say Lach is a part of Czech, and Poles say Lach is a part of Polish. I cant say that I would understand every word, but it is usually not difficult to guess some missing gaps from the context, so I could read professional books in Bulgarian in the past. True MI testing does try to find virgin ears that have heard little of the other language and speak little or none of it. How this is measured varies, but mutual intelligibility and vocabulary overlap, and often play a role in these calculations. On the one hand, Belarussian has some dialects that are intelligible with some dialects of both Russian and Ukrainian. Other factors that one has to keep in mind is recent (and not so recent, too) history and its linguistic implications on speakers for instance, Slovaks older that about 20 dont have much trouble understanding Czech because Czech was pretty intrusive if not dominant in official and intercommunal use in Czechoslovakia until its collapse. Clearly it WAS the Illuminati at workI guess the planes were flown by shapeshifting lizards, toooh, come to think of it, isnt George Bush Junior a lizard, too! It is not true at all that Ukrainian and Russian are mutually intelligible, as Russian only has 50% intelligibility of Ukrainian. The distance of Slovene may seem unlikely, but I think that it is still rather optimistic, because Czech and Slovene are quite distant, despite geographical closeness. But which languages in the world are actually closest to . I can illustrate it on the video posted above Vojnata vo Bosna. How come you have not done a post about 9/11 before Robert? There is as much Czech literature and media as Slovak literature and media in Slovakia, and many Slovaks study at Czech universities. The Bulgarian language is the earliest written record Slavic language. ????? When you find out it is a separate language, you ask for %, and they often tell you! Macedonian is a little easier, since its more a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian. Have every heard of Dubrovnik dialect? [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-YqET96OO0&fs=1&hl=en_GB]. All South Slavic languages in effect form a large dialect continuum of gradually mutually intelligible varieties depending on distance between the areas where they are spoken. It may seem that Polish and Russian are mutually intelligible because they both come from the same language family and share a lot of similarities. Czech-Polish is not at 12% anymore, a new study has found it is 32%. Many of our word roots are the same. There is one factor they dont know about the internet. "The Linguistic Innovation Emerging From Rohingya Refugees." Some do in fact argue that Ukrainian shouldn't be considered as an East-Slavic language at all, being that it has more in common with West-Slavic languages such as Polish, Czech and Slovak than it . Can a Russian speaker understand Polish? Problem is the spoken form, as Bulgarians dont speak as it is written, which is the case with serbian or croatian. [8], However, others have suggested that these objections are misguided, as they collapse different concepts of what constitutes a "language".[9]. About Slovak being two different unintelligible languages I highly doubt so. Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. Im a speaker of Torlakian Serbian characteristically closer to Macedonian than Standard Serbian, having three (nom/acc/voc) cases and using a fusional instead of an analytic past tense and, with regards to a certain comment made two years ago on here, can, without issue, understand Zona Zamfirova, a movie about life in Ottoman Ni, without any subtitles. Ukrainian, and Belarusian. There is an old Kajkavian-Chakavian dialect continuum of which little remains, although some of the old Kajkavian-Chakavian transitional dialects are still spoken (Jembrigh 2014). We hate SPAM and promise to keep your email address safe. Polish: 5% Was he from Belgrade or Novi Sad or Nis? Ukrainian and Russian only have 60% lexical similarity. Re: Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian Mutual Intelligibility. In addition, Bin Laden is a suspect in other terrorist attacks throughout the world. I will also send you a copy so you can look over the Serbo-Croatian part and tell me if there are any errors. By the way, osnovnata (osnovna-ta) is related to the Czech word osnova (basis, outline). More? I think that this article is full of dubious numbers, but this is not necessarily the authors fault. In this case, too, however, while mutual intelligibility between speakers of the distant remnant languages may be greatly constrained, it is likely not at the zero level of completely unrelated languages. Ukrainian and Belarusian are pretty much mutually intelligible (source: I am a poet in Belarusian, I go to poetry festivals in Belarus quite often and there are no interpreters for the Ukrainian poets invited to international events). Can you give me your name here or can you email me with your name, unless that is you in your email address there. adrian. However, many groups of languages are partly mutually intelligible, i.e. Slovak students do not have to pass a language test at Czech universities. The problem is that native speakers can understand other speakers of their own language. I can understand about 50% 75% of Bulgarian and Macedonian enough to get buy and carry on a conversation. This comment is fantastic! Robert Lindsay, Independent Journalist: l Talk about Things You're Not Supposed to Talk About. Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). A Moravian Czech speaker (Eastern Czech) and a Bratislavan Slovak (Western Slovak) speaker understand each other very well. But even they will know the literary norm of their own language which will ease up the communication. It uses shtokavian dialect but simultaniously italianized vocabulary,and it is very hard to be understood while speaking to a common Croatian speaker.Would that also be considered a separate language? Young czechs and slovaks communicate on internet on daily basis and they understand each other just perfectly. Yes because governments dont conspire do they except for the Gulf of Tonkin, Iraq war, drug trafficking, coups, supporting the same Islamic terrorism which is even mentioned in main stream press during the 90s with links to the 9/11 hijackers which we are now supposably fighting a phoney war on terror against. These attacks killed over 200 people. Portuguese also has a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Spanish. But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. Apart lack of understandability there are phrases that could be ill understood with famous Polish I am looking for the broom On the other side, i.e. However, a Croatian linguist has helped me write part of the Croatian section, and he felt that at least that part of the paper was accurate. My parents (and naturally me when I was child) make a lot of mistakes in the word cases and it means that they are (for the speakers from more west Serbian and also Croatian region) the lower social group, that they are not educated enough or that they are unread, and why dont Macedonians in their native language too, especially in ex Yugoslavia. Ive done tests with my friends shtokavians-only (or monolingual Croats regarding the situation here) and it was very interesting. Are Russian and Polish mutually intelligible? I am a good control for this because I am an American but my father is Slovak(my mother is half Slovak but American) and I can understand about 50 % of Slovak and I do have a hard time with Czech but once I get past their hacek r I can understand quite a bit. This list focuses on common languages widely thought to be at least partially and mutually intelligible. I have read a book from Fraenkel/Kramer I believe or something similar, which said (according to some empiry) that Macedonians were easily switching to Serbian in comparison to Slovenes who stuck to their language in the time of Yugoslavia. This is not necessarily correct in terms of vocabulary, but you will find a lot in common in the grammatical rules . Silesian or Upper Silesian is also a separate language spoken in Poland, often thought to be halfway between Polish and Czech. Polish and Ukrainian have higher lexical similarity at 72%, and Ukrainian intelligibility of Polish is ~50%+. In Ukrainian, one might say "I am waiting for you" ; however, there is no need for a conjunction in . So they speak Macedonian to me and I speak Serbian to them, and we understand each other perfectly. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Polish has 22% intelligibility of Silesian, 12% of Czech, 6% of Russian, and 5% of Bulgarian. In the towns of Pirot and Vranje, it cannot be said that they speak Serbo-Croatian; instead they speak this Bulgarian-Serbo-Croatian mixed speech. Because of all of this, tokavian speaker has a hard time understanding fast talking akavian speakers. At some point he probably became a rogue or double agent, General Musharraf says. Russian, the native language of 160 million people, including many . In akavian they are once more old slavic. An inherent pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a a speaker of Slavic lect A listening to a tape or video of a speaker of Slavic Lect A. The idea is that the Kajkavian and Chakavian languages simply do not exist, though obviously they are both separate languages. So I understood 100% But I admit that it was a relatively very easy text. [1] Poles who know German and Old Polish can understand Silesian quite well due to the Germanisms and the presence of many older Polish words, but Poles who speak only Polish have a hard time with Silesian. Main difference between akavian, kajkavian and tokavian is in vocabulary. So, i've been interested about how much Polish speakers can understand Ukrainian without learning the language, but, most results i found said it's not really mutually intelligible, despite sharing alot or some words. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. No, you cannot. Only Croatians try so hard to press differences. Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). Also after studying Ethnologue for a very long time, I noticed that they tended to use 90% as a cutoff for language versus dialect most but not all of the time. The only (still rather minor) problem that I had with this text was the part Nared s osnovnata, izpolzovana v Balgarija (Together with the basic norm used in Bulgaria), because I could not understand Nared s osnovnata. The real reason that Slavs cant even understand each other: not enough vowels in their tongues! Paul McGrane. Czech has 94% intelligibility of Slovak, 12% of Polish, and 5% of Russian and Bulgarian. Is Ukrainian closer to Russian or Polish? I thought this is Croatia! But, as the goal of the OP was to debunk the myth that says every slavic speaker can understand each other, he is quite right on that. Its also said that Serbo-Croatian can understand Bulgarian and Macedonian, but this is not true. [2], Because of the difficulty of imposing boundaries on a continuum, various counts of the Romance languages are given; in The Linguasphere register of the worlds languages and speech communities David Dalby lists 23 based on mutual intelligibility:[13]. If the Torlaks can understand those languages it is because they have been hearing them! The Macedonian spoken near the Serbian border is heavily influenced by Serbo-Croatian and is quite a bit different from the Macedonian spoken towards the center of Macedonia. Mezentseva, Inna. @AJ Just search for alternative Croatian or kaikavian lessons and you will find me, along witht he contact information. . Borg, Albert J.; Azzopardi-Alexander, Marie (1997). Is there any way you could give me percentage figures for these observations of your wifes? The written languages differ much more than the spoken ones. Kajkavski it seems has changed less than akavski. I use Ethnologues list of languages and dialects, but extend it a bit. Answer (1 of 11): Look, if you're Ukrainian you most likely already speak russian. Czech-Slovak is now 91%, Czech-Serbo-Croatian is 18%, Czech-Macedonian is 17% and Czech=-Bulgarian is 13%. Likewise with Polish vs Czech, and Slovenian vs Standard Croatian (these pairs are the most commonly mistaken as mutually intelligible). . I also have formal training in several Slavic languages, which make most of them, except some of the Balkan ones, pretty much comprehensibe to me. However, Bulgarian-Russian written intelligibility is much higher. You are probably talking about the study Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages? Now onto the discussion. Hence, Russians understand the colloquial Ukrainian spoken in the countryside pretty well, but they understand the modern standard heard on TV much less. During the last 20 years, Ukraine has tried to make the language norm as far from Russian as possible for nationalistic reasons. Three different methods were used: a word translation task, a cloze test and a picture task. Or as an English speaker, you might catch the gist of some Scots. Funny thing when Slovene tourists come to Dalmatian islands they start to speak awkward Serbo Croatian they learned long ago in yugo schools because they fear of not being understood. Is there an agreed-upon standard? That movie doesnt have subtitle in Serbia but I think its a big mistake. Some simple words as Zboruva talk were not understood by a Bulgarian and I was obliged to use the word govori so that I adapted my Macedonian to get understood, although we seldom say govori. Required fields are marked *. Cieszyn Silesian or Ponaszymu is a language closely related to Silesian spoken in Czechoslovakia in the far northeast of the country near the Polish and Slovak borders. A question: how is it decided that the cut-off between a language and dialect is 90% MI? It is not true that Shtokavian which I speak is not mutually intelligible with Torlakian of southern Serbia. They are native Kajkavian speakers and this is another proof that Kajkavian is actually Slovenian. Jen. The Torlakian spoken in the southeast is different. Croatian (Stokavski): 98% Ukrainian has 62% lexical similarity with Russian but 70% with Polish, which isn't high enough for mutual intelligibility with both Russian and Polish, but Poles can certainly understand Ukrainian much better than Russian, and Russians can understand Ukrainian much better than Poles. An academic paper has been published making the case for a separate Balachka language. 2. It all adds up, man. Polish is spoken outside of Poland by Polish diaspora groups in countries like Ukraine, Belarus, Germany, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Instead Eastern Lach and Western Lach have difficult intelligibility and are separate languages, so Lach itself is a macrolanguage. Answer (1 of 16): I'm neither Polish nor Ukrainian but I know Polish to a good level and basic Ukrainian; I can comment on the understandability of Ukrainian for Poles. These 4 main Polish dialects are: Greater Polish, which is spoken in the west of the country. http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/wanted_terrorists/usama-bin-laden/view Northern (Istrian and Kvarner) akavian is closer to kajkavian and Slovene then Southern akavian is ( I understand 95%+ n). Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). Hutsul, Lemko, Boiko speech (small Ukrainian/Rusyn dialects) stangely enough, more comprehensible than standard Ukrainian. theres a macedonian TV program called Vo Centar, hosted by a macedoanian journalist who goes around the Balkans and interviews prominent names in politics etc. Its mainly in the weird Bulgarian grammar! In recent years, many of the German words are falling out of use and being replaced by Polish words, especially by young people. Mutual intelligibility between languages can make learning them much easier. 0%? (I will come to Bulgarian too). Since the breakup, young Czechs and Slovaks understand each other worse since they have less contact with each other.
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are polish and ukrainian mutually intelligible
