The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. (1991). Vol.2 No.5, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Assessment; Intervention; Supports and Resources; Children; Focus Group, JOURNAL NAME: (Eds. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1968). To generate a new theory to understand the investigated phenomena. into four main categories: learning, enjoyment, traveling, and economic impact. It was also revealed that in the LGAs, auditing was found to be a catalyst for a number of reforms and measures introduced by the Central Government, including migrating to the use of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs) and the appointment of an Internal Auditor General in Tanzania. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The substantive theory is 'developed for a substantive, or empirical area', while the formal theory is 'developed for a formal, or . Legewie, Heiner & Schervier-Legewie, Barbara (September 2004). Glaser, B. through film), there remains a void of research into the meaning and value in The multi-distinct yet related categorization were neither linear nor just cyclic in nature but is experienced and underwent by problem solvers with varying degree of creativity and flexibility depending on the problem at hand, beliefs, attitudes, and learning style. Auditing Practices and Organizational Efficiency in Local Government Authorities: A Case Study of Tanzania, auditing contributions. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Discovery_of_Grounded_Theory&oldid=1135448669, Demonstrate the possibility of building theories from data, something that many qualitative researchers doubt to this day, instead choosing to stick with mere. Mill Valley: Sociology Press. It extends from the first ideas of a research question to the production of the report on results (see 5.22). Correspondence to Routledge. obtain a better understanding of the effects, a qualitative study was conducted (2015). Increasing Visitor Knowledge of Park History and Natural Resources via Non-Traditional Recreation: An Exploratory Study of Quicksand Enthusiasts, AUTHORS: YLP was an initiative of the Add your e-mail address to receive free newsletters from SCIRP. Research on the Incentive Mechanism of Hidilao Hotpots Employees Based on Grounded Theory, The Role of Sports in New Identity Construction: A Grounded Theory Research from Turkey, Research of Evolution Mechanism of Network Group Event Based on Grounded Theory under Micro-Blog Platform, Establishing Patient Safety in Intensive Care A Grounded Theory, Quality of Life in Adult ADHD: A Grounded Theory Approach. exploratory study was to examine if sinking can contribute to a participants 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. 2016. In Part III, "Implications of Grounded Theory," Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory. Anne R. Teppo . New Brunswick: Aldine Transaction. 1, For example, the research uncovered that audit has increased interactions among actors, through participatory audits and the use of audit reports by various stakeholders. How? Despite, Approximately 40years ago, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss and their joint research approach, the constant comparative method of grounded theory, were at the forefront of what can be called a, From its origins during the qualitative revolution of the 1960s, grounded theory has become one of the most popular methodologies in use today. This paper received MIS Quarterly's Best Paper Award for 1993. The major strategy they use is a general method of comparative analysis. Globally, has been cited by the following article: TITLE: Developmental Process of Dialogical Critical Thinking in Groups of Pupils Aged 4 to 12 Years AUTHORS: Marie-France Daniel, Mathieu Gagnon Using a qualitative research approach, the current study contributes to knowledge about concerns with current psychological assessment practices and offers suggestions for optimization based on conversations with teachers, administrators, caregivers and allied professionals. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from datasystematically obtained and analyzed in social researchcan be furthered. financial support extended to youth was awfully inadequate to facilitate and . The Discovery of Grounded Theory. (2011). Charmaz, K. (2000). Open Journal of Social Sciences, in the summer of 2016 at Stephen C. Foster State Park, a state park adjacent to The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, Chicago, Aldine Publishing Company This book is about discovering theory from data, what Glaser and Strauss call grounded theory. Co. Book Glaser, B. G. Theoretical sensitivity 1978 - Sociology Press - Mill Valley, Calif. In particular and especially within the Philippine context, not much focus is given with regards to a clear and coherent academic framework that fortifies the metacognitive strategy knowledge in mathematical problem solving amongst students. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press. Chicago, IL: Aldine. (2005). Data was collected (1993). Grounded theory methodology has taken on different iterations since its introduction. Marie-France Daniel, Mathieu Gagnon, KEYWORDS: September Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press. Download citation. After their success with Awareness of Dying, Glaser and Strauss decided to write a book on methodology. understanding of history and natural resources at state parks. ABSTRACT: The study focused on the need for income generation activities as a response inductive content analysis to analyze interview data and compile coded text Thematic analysis of 11 focus groups and 3 interviews (N = 60) yielded 3 major findings: the need to focus on the whole child, the necessity of an assessment process that is responsive, and building capacity in the school. Morse, J. M. (2009). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Los Angeles: Sage. Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. established enterprises with own capital from various sources and as such, For a good example of grounded theory in IS, see Orlikowski's (1993)paper. (Glaser and Strauss, 1967, p. 108). Glaser, Barney G & Strauss, Anselm L., 1967. Glaser and Strauss (1967: 32-35) identify two types of grounded theories - a) substantive theory and b) formal theory. 194235). improve their standards of living with a view of averting the negative Chicago: Aldine Pub. The essential methods of grounded theory research, beginning with Glaser and Strausss seminal work in 1967, are described. and Strauss, A.L. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). 4, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs040245. Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Citations (9) . Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967).The discovery of grounded theory. Why? Grounded theory methodology: Objectivist and constructivist qualitative methods. 1Mathematics Department, Saint Marys University, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines, 2Institutional Development and Quality Assurance Office, Saint Marys University, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. A distressed and needy. The The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. rather than provide financial support for youth to establish IGAs, YLP A previous study, conducted with groups of pupils aged 9 to 12 years who practiced Philosophy for Children (P4C), proposed a model that shows how critical thinking develops in these age groups. In grounded theory, the researcher uses multiple stages of. Sorted by: Results 1 - 10 of 6,331. Findings revealed that, the the lives of those who engage in a recreational pursuit of quicksand, most notably Using an evolved grounded theory, the purpose of this study is to look closely into the metacognitive strategy knowledge of preservice teacher education students. Copyright 2006-2023 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved. (1998). Glaser, B.G., & Strauss, A.L. Qualitative Family Research, 5(2), 12. (1967). Charles K. Mullins, Michael J. Bradley, Lash D. Mullins, James N. Maples, KEYWORDS: Remodeling grounded theory [80 paragraphs]. It is aimed at 'mode 2' (Gibbons et al., 1994) management researchers, in particular those who analyse recollections of past, American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science, INTRODUCTION Qualitative research is defined as inquiry into meaning, and may be used to generate theories based on the coordination of findings and understandings.1 To some, qualitative research may, Since the late 1960s Barney GLASER and Anselm STRAUSS, developers of the methodology of Grounded Theory have made several attempts to explicate, clarify and reconceptualise some of the basic tenets, . Accessed 25 Mar 2011. Mill Valley: Sociology Press. DOI link for Discovery of Grounded Theory. the sensation of being trapped in deep mud while being sucked downward. Marie Hggstrm, Malin Rising Holmstrm, Mats Jong. consequences of bulging youth population (MGLSD, 2013). Charmaz, K. (2009). Basics of grounded theory analysis. Although the use of GTM to develop theory is well discussed in the literature (Glaser 1992; Glaser and Strauss 1967; Strauss and Corbin 1990), there is limited discussion of contributions other than the espoused development of . In J. M. Morse et al. The discovery of grounded theory. The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London. Psychology, Grounded theory: A practical guide. TITLE: Chicago, IL: Aldine. The findings shed some light on the distinct role of metacognitive strategy knowledge and some ensuing factors during authentic problem solving. Glaser, B. G. (1998). to the challenge of a bulging youth population. Barry Chametzky, KEYWORDS: The Discovery of Grounded Theory was meant to invite and motivate people to use the newly developed methodology. Findings revealed that, the financial support extended to youth was awfully inadequate to facilitate and support establishment of effective and sustainable IGAs. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(2) [online journal]. sample of 67 respondents was purposively selected. Chicago: Aldine. theories of Parsons and others whom Glaser and Strauss call 'theoretical capitalists'. Metacognition-related studies do often give focus on the regulation or experience components but little on the knowledge component. 2 [online journal]. Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. December In the field of management research, the grounded theory approach (GTA) pioneered by Glaser and Strauss (1967) is frequently cited to assert methodological validity in qualitative. In addition, the study provides practical evidence about how auditing can be used as an instrument to foster organizational efficiency. AUTHORS: Developmental Process of Dialogical Critical Thinking in Groups of Pupils Aged 4 to 12 Years. Nursing Research, 17, 364. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-196807000-00014, TITLE: Basics of qualitative research (3rd ed.). Vol.6 No.4, Doing grounded theory: Issues and discussions. extent to which the youth livelihood programme (YLP) has enable youth set up Vol.9 No.5, Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 5(2), Art. The constant comparative method of qualitative analysis. 1322). local government authorities. Okefenokee Swamp. The research was conducted in four local government authorities in Tanzania. grounded theory An idea pioneered by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss (in their book The Discovery of Grounded Theory, 1967) in which theory is developed from close observation of the world. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser Expand 53,570 Highly Influential PDF View 4 excerpts, references background and methods Resultados: la productividad politica de los procesos de implementacion de politicas focalizadas no puede aprehenderse separando tajantemente sociedad civil y Estado, interes y desinteres, lucha por la subsistencia y . The Discovery of Grounded Theory. In contrast, the 15 articles that develop rich descriptions of new phenomena have a citations-per-year average of 7.0. This article introduces grounded theory and places this method in its historical context when 1960s quantitative researchers wielded harsh criticisms of qualitative research. March (2011). Despite a persistent decline in the performance of the LGAs, various LGAs actors believed that effective LGAs could be attained if the internal actors in LGAs played their parts effectively and efficiently. You can also search for this author in Thousand Oaks: Sage. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds. Utilising a qualitative research approach, Metacognitive Strategy Knowledge Use through Mathematical Problem Solving amongst Pre-service Teachers. The Discovery of Grounded Theory is a 1967 book ( ISBN -202-30260-1) by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss on grounded theory . Add your e-mail address to receive free newsletters from SCIRP. the community of individuals who self-describe as sinkers. Increasing Visitor Knowledge of Park History and Natural Resources via Non-Traditional Recreation: An Exploratory Study of Quicksand Enthusiasts. Accessed 6 Nov 2011. Glaser, B. G. & Holton, J. historical and current analysis of conflicts, suggest that between 1970 and Glaser and Strauss ultimately parted ways resulting in a theoretical divorce of a magnitude rarely seen in academe, with Glaser leveling intellectual property, as well as character assaults at Strauss and his new collaborator, Juliet Corbin (a graduate of the UCSF DSN Doctor of Nursing Science( ) program). Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press. The present study begins to address the need for evidence-based approaches for guiding the psychological assessment of children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Strauss and Glaser suspected early on that the expectation of death by both the dying and the relatives were a key to understanding the interactions between those people. A crucial problem of Grounded theory reconsidered. The Discovery of Grounded Theory was meant to invite and motivate people to use the newly developed methodology. Advances in Mathematics Education. Grounded Theory Methods. Part of Springer Nature. Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction. Natural Resources, ABSTRACT: Without a doubt, many graduate studentsespecially those who do not have a mentor skilled in the classic grounded theory designare concerned about doing studies or dissertations using the classic grounded theory design for fear of doing them incorrectly. Deshalb muss es auf der anderen Seite Spa machen". has been cited by the following article: Article. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press. Situational analysis: Grounded theory after the postmodern turn. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Induction begins with a review to . A sample of 67 respondents was purposively selected. Glaser, B. G. and Strauss, A. L. The discovery of grounded theory 1967 - Aldine Pub. In Part I of the book, "Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis," the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. has been cited by the following article: TITLE: Assessment for Intervention of Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Perspectives of Classroom Teachers, Administrators, Caregivers, and Allied Professionals Findings revealed an emerging three-phased categorization of metacognitive strategy knowledge thru problem solving: preparatory, production, and evaluation. this study took a case of Wakiso district in central Uganda, to examine the After their success with Awareness of Dying, Glaser and Strauss decided to write a book on methodology. USA Distributor of MCM Equipment glaser and strauss 1967 citation Sociology Mind, Add your e-mail address to receive free newsletters from SCIRP. (1967) The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. (1967). result into catastrophic consequences especially for poor countries whose (1990). (2009). Clarke, A. E. (2005). Auditing Practices and Organizational Efficiency in Local Government Authorities: A Case Study of Tanzania. 25, Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Unlike later works, it does not provide much advice on how to put the theory into practice. Hookway, C. (2008). The researchers exercised grounded theory techniques and The research explored the manner and extent to which auditing practices interact in a multiple stakeholder scenario. Coding in Classic Grounded Theory: Ive Done an Interview; Now What. TITLE: The study investigated and adds to our understanding of auditing practices and their contributions towards organizational efficiency in the context of Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in emerging and less developed countries. Vol.4 No.3A, Strategies for Qualitative Research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomenapolitical, educational, economic, industrial especially If their studies are based on qualitative data. Bryant, A. (2008). (1967) The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Get Citation Alerts. Pragmatism. Springer, Dordrecht. From the substantive theory of wrestling for internal efficiency, it was observed that auditing has a substantial role to play in achieving organizational efficiency. ABSTRACT: facilitated recapitalization and boosting of existing youth enterprises. Quicksand, Sinkers, Sinking, Qualitative Research, Park Management, History, Natural Resources, JOURNAL NAME: Approaches to Qualitative Research in Mathematics Education, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9181-6_1, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs090325, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs040245, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pragmatism, http://www.qualitative-research.net/fqs-texte/2-05/05-2-27-e.pdf, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. Copyright 2006-2023 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from datasystematically obtained and analyzed in social researchcan be furthered. Anselm Strauss interviewed by Heiner Legewie and Barbara Schervier-Legewie. Strauss, A. Glaser and Strauss (1967) also stipulated that as the researcher begins to write a theory, it is imperative to gather all of the memos . Using this revised model, a further analysis of the transcripts illustrated that the development of critical thinking occurred through a process of fading and appropriation/transformation, which is associated with scaffolding. Creative Education, Google Scholar; Marie Hggstrm, Malin Rising Holmstrm, Mats Jong. The authors had several goals in mind when writing the book: This article about a science-related book is a stub. Figure 1 shows the number of citations of Glaser and Strauss (1967) in the field of management research. In Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. September Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications. In . Copyright 2006-2023 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved. (Glaser & Strauss 1967, 1968 Small & Gott, 2012;) was chosen to understand the particular relationships involved in practices of 'doing . awfully, it was established that, YLP opted to deal with youth who had already Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. Aldine Publishing, Chicago, IL. Their work was signicant in that they looked sociologically This study increases the links between research and practice as we move toward a model of assessment for intervention. Los Angeles: Sage. When neglected, youth bulge has TITLE: The Discovery of Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967) March 2015 Authors: Pavan Soni Inflexion Point Consulting Abstract Summary of Grounded Theory research ResearchGate has not been able. Drawing on the "emergence" of this topic (Glaser and Strauss, 1967 ; Glaser, 1978 , 1992 ), specific attention was given to the stories that came out of our interactions with the informants. The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pragmatism. ability to plan, provide for and reap demographic dividends is low. Newbury Park: Sage. income generating activities for self-employment. Tussles, tensions, and resolutions. Strauss, A. L. (1987). 127154). 1929 wheat penny. Kelle, U. Home page. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Assessment; Intervention; Supports and Resources; Children; Focus Group, Quality of Life in Adult ADHD: A Grounded Theory Approach, Modern Sovereign MoneyPart II: A Synthesis of the Chicago Plan, Sovereign Money, and the Modern Money Theory, Research on Influencing Factors of Web 3D User Experience with Grounded Theory. effects on the socio-economic development process of countries that could Social Problems, 12, 436445. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. ), Developing grounded theory: The second generation (pp. Chicago: Aldine. Lin Wang, Meijuan Luo, Ruiying Huang, Yanying Zhu, Zhili Chen, Weiju Chen. AUTHORS: Barry Chametzky KEYWORDS: Classic Grounded Theory, Coding The close relationship between the LAACs and the External Auditors functions were found to increase Executives accountability in the LGAs. Copy link Link copied. Reviews the book, The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research by Barney G. Glaser and Anselm L. Strauss (1967). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. These methods include concurrent data collection and analysis, coding of data into concepts and categories, the use of interpretative frameworks, theoretical sampling, memoing, and the integration of categories into grounded theory. - 202.3.109.12. Contrasting Classic, Straussian, and Constructivist Grounded Theory: . 2021. Jacqueline Pei, Jenelle M. Job, Cheryl Poth, Erin Atkinson, KEYWORDS: Grounded theory and pragmatism: The curious case of Anselm Strauss [113 paragraphs]. Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research (1st ed.). Youth Bulge and Income Generating Activities [IGAs]: A Case of Youth Livelihood Programme [YLP] in Wakiso District, Central Uganda, AUTHORS: The study contributes to the existing debate posed by Power (1994) about whether audits can deliver what they promise in the form of greater accountability, efficiency or quality, or whether they, in fact, fuel the problems? Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in The Discovery of Grounded Theory is a 1967 book (ISBN0-202-30260-1) by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss on grounded theory. Copyright 2006-2023 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved. Glaser, B. Shifting the grounds: Constructivist grounded theory methods. Glaser, Barney G. and Strauss, Anselm L. (1967), This page was last edited on 24 January 2023, at 19:00. Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques (2nd ed.). Classic Grounded Theory, Coding, JOURNAL NAME: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Blumer, H. (1969). This article is a review of Discovery of Grounded Theory by Glaser and Strauss, Basics of Qualitative Research by Strauss and Corbin, Constructing Grounded Theory by Charmaz, and Situational Analysis, Among the different qualitative approaches that may be relied upon in family theorizing, grounded theory methods (GTM), developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss, are the most popular. Emergence vs. forcing of empirical data? has been cited by the following article: Article. The present empirical study was conducted in three geographical contexts (Quebec, Ontario and France) with 17 classrooms of pupils who had practiced P4C. Coding in Classic Grounded Theory: Ive Done an Interview; Now What? The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London. using group and in-depth interviews, documentary review, and observation. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Copyright 2006-2023 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved. While there is extant literature in the field of classic grounded theory, a clear and simple how-to does not exist. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1978). , " Cross Cultural Analysis : A Case Study , " in, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. The authors are sociologists and have written this book for sociologists and other persons engaged in nonexperimental social research. Chicago: Aldine. (1967). Chicago: Aldine. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. New Citation Alert added! Strauss, A. Abstract Grounded theory was developed by Glaser and Strauss who believed that theory could emerge through qualitative data analysis. Birks, M., & Mills, J. Both researchers already had personal experience with the subject: Strauss had lost his mother and a friend in recent years, Glaser his father. Assessment for Intervention of Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Perspectives of Classroom Teachers, Administrators, Caregivers, and Allied Professionals, AUTHORS: The links of objectivist GTM to, Among the various methods of qualitative analysis, Grounded Theory provides researchers with a unique tool for theoretical development. They contend that overemphasis on hypothesis testing has been detrimental to the development of sociological theory. Next 10 . This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to: . This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. In the field of management research, the grounded theory approach (GTA) pioneered by Glaser and Strauss (1967) is frequently cited to assert methodological validity in qualitative. Wrestling for internal efficiency is a product of the perceived dream of having LGAs which are efficient, effective, transparent and accountable. In contrast to formal or abstract theory, which is developed by deducing (according to logical rules) hypotheses which are then tested against observations, the grounded approach argues for inductive . and Strauss, A.L. The explanation offered in this paper is based in theory and supported with practical examples. Subsequently, interviews were conducted to supplement the initial data. The purpose of this paper is to give novice researchers interested in the classic grounded theory design a foothold in how to do one aspect of classic grounded theory analysis: coding. Research on the Incentive Mechanism of Hidilao Hotpots Employees Based on Grounded Theory, The Role of Sports in New Identity Construction: A Grounded Theory Research from Turkey, Research of Evolution Mechanism of Network Group Event Based on Grounded Theory under Micro-Blog Platform, Establishing Patient Safety in Intensive Care A Grounded Theory, Quality of Life in Adult ADHD: A Grounded Theory Approach. Google Scholar. Advanced Search Include Citations Authors: Advanced Search Include Citations Tables: The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research (1967) by B G Glaser, A L Strauss Add To MetaCart. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Add your e-mail address to receive free newsletters from SCIRP. Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. natural resources increased through a recreational pursuit of quicksand. Pandits grounded theory methodology and the constant comparison method were used to analyze the data collected. Recommended APA Citation Kenny, M., & Fourie, R. (2015). ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to model the development of critical thinking in groups of pupils aged 4 to 12 years. Aldine Publishing, Chicago, IL. Findings suggest that participants believed their knowledge of park history and In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser, International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being.
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glaser and strauss 1967 citation
