The scientists identify the next types of translation difficulties and these types are: The first step towards an examination of the process of translation must be to accept that although translation has a central core of linguistic activity, it belongs most properly to semiotics, the science that studies sign systems or structures, sign processes and sign functions (Hawkes, Structuralism and Semiotics, London, 1977). Stuff, in reference to one's privates. Holden himself realizes this to a degree when he acknowledges that his idea is crazy, yet he cannot come up with anything more pragmatic; he has trouble seeing the world in any other way. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). To respect, whenever possible, all the syntax and lexical repetitions, shoot the bull = telling lies, small talk. Latest answer posted April 14, 2021 at 10:45:43 AM. The museum presents him with a vision of life he can understand: it is frozen, silent, and always the same. The fact that this test again depends on speakers' judgments about relatedness, however, means that this test for polysemy is not infallible, but is rather merely a helpful conceptual aid. Does Holden hate Stradlater? P. Newmark calls them deceptive cognates, as their meanings are different and they can easily confuse the target text receptor. While applying some grammatical or lexical transformation in translation the translator is guided by principle of rendering grammatical of lexical meaning. In this case it can go unnoticed in everyday conversation, like she attacked my views. Michael Cart, "Famous Firsts. The research started by using the strategy of creating links between different relevant aspects of J. D. Salingers life and work, different contexts involved in the production of his fiction, as well as in the production of the Romanian translations and different major studies on translation theories in order to have a strong starting point contribution in the analytic comparative case study between J. D. Salingers novel and its Romanian renditions in order to demonstrate Salingers reception, his impact on Romanian readership and the analysis of the need for a retranslation of his novel. . In this chapter also will be exemplifies that Salingers fiction followed a chronological evolution, that there has been a well defined process of creating certain typical characters and that his characters evolved from the early prototypes in his short stories to the fully developed characters in his mature works, or even disappeared for good from his literary creations in a few cases. In the theory of translation, this type of code switching is called atransformation. We could think that The Catcher in the Rye is next to the classical humour (for example, two Mark Twai`s works: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. In 1948 he published the critically-acclaimed story "A Perfect Day for Bananafish" in The New Yorker magazine, which became home too much of his subsequent work. Or a house Just make it descriptive as hell.". CompletelyFlammable 2 yr. ago. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 Holden pictured an idyllic world of childhood innocence from which children would fall into a dangerous world; Mr. Antolini describes Holden in an apathetic free fallgiving up, disengaging him from the world, falling in a void removed from life around him. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. ?>. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. He believes that once you mature you are phony, and he does his best to make sure that he does not become phony. In both cases, we sense that although Holden envisions himself as the protector rather than the one to be protected, he is the one who really needs to be caught. The ability to distinguish senses by collocation is an invaluable asset to a translator working from a foreign language. Those which are easily recognizable include expressions which violate truth conditions. In short, must take into account all the above mentioned elements while translating the text. He is angry at life for being so unfair. Translation difficulties and lexical pecularities are the main points of an analyses. The target-oriented means [to render] a source text in a form that is as natural as possible for the reader of the target text and that conforms to conventional usage in the target language and culture. First and foremost, Stradlater strikes Holden as a "hotshot," which in his lexicon is another word for "phony.". Why does Holden wear the red hunting hat? It could even state that Holdens personality is more important than the story he is going to tell us. The pressure of adolescent sexualityan important theme throughout The Catcher in the Rye makes itself felt here for the first time: Holden's greatest worry is that Stradlater will make sexual advances toward Jane. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. Holden likes his writing and talks about how he likes his writing and he supports him. What is the main message of The Catcher in the Rye. This ungrammatical usage emphasizes the disillusionment Holden feels because almost no one sees the world like he does-he constantly has to reassure him that others would do the same thing or feel the same way. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. The whole arrangements designed for men who, at some time or other in their lives, were looking for something their own environment couldn't supply them with. We also see how alienated he feels. And sometimes some mistakes (losses), as well as some gains, are more visible by comparing two or more translations of the same ST. Ionescus translation may have been considered too far-fetched and direct, but this can be explained as the translators desire to make the main character more authentic and closer to the typical Romanian teenager. Holden responds with this image, which reveals his fantasy of idealistic childhood and of his role as the protector of innocence. The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in: it's the world of his catcher in the rye fantasy, a world where nothing ever changes, where everything is simple, understandable, and infinite. The well-known representatives of this period are Ernest Hemingway with his writings The Sun Also Rise and A Farewell to Arms.. Another important aspect of this chapter focused on the presentation of the major themes developed by Salinger in his novel, in the Nine Stories collection and in some of his mature and last publications until 1965 when he stopped publishing his writings. I went down by a different staircase, and I saw another Fuck you on the wall. The literature of this period is marked by the activities of many well-known writers. .of becoming dangerously convoluted and static, Lodge implicitly challenges critics to revisit and reassess Salingers body of work. [14] His brother Allie's (died from leukemia) baseball glove which had poems written all over it in green ink to read while out in the field. Another interjection that was used by the writer is Hell, no! (J. D. Salinger:45)that was used in order to point out to the reader Holdens surprise and for showing that Holden was a boy that used in his vocabulary not well words for a boy who was a junior in the school. Salinger, J.D. The examples for this type of translation difficulties could be seen from the first page of the novel where the author uses all the meanings of the word hell such as: This word is one of the first words that is used with a lot of meanings and that is one of the type of translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye. But Holden cannot think of anything to say about a house or a room, so he writes about a baseball glove that his brother Allie used to copy poems onto in green ink. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST.. Not only poets and writers, but also journalists frequently create unexpected word combination that makes their statements significantly vivid and original. He also says that Allie was an incredibly nice, innocent child. What does Holden write Stradlater's composition about why is the object he writes about important to him what eventually happens to the essay Why? Its possible that Salinger has a very negative view of the world; the author thinks that the research of happiness is based on 3 important elements: religion, loneliness and symbolism. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. This is the first time we learn who the true Holden Caulfield is and therefore is the most illuminating moment in The Catcher In the Rye. What is Holden's view of women and girls in The Catcher in the Rye? Free trial is available to new customers only. elements of grammar, which Popovic sees as being a higher category than lexical equivalence. As he watches Phoebe sleep, Holden projects his own idealizations of childhood onto her. From this type of the translation difficulties used in this novel point out one of the main feature of authors style which is that the message of the novel could be better reproduse and easily understand by the reader. It wouldnt come off. The place or state of punishment of the wicked after death; the abode of evil and condemned spirits; Used as an intensifier to express surprise, anger, impatience, etc. She's got the stuff. Stradlater's composition is supposed to be about a room in a house that can be described. Stradlater wanted holden to write it but he did not want to write it. database? Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. The Modernist period is a time of the late XIXth and XXth centuries that was marked by the work of the great writer that activated during this period. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. Both the conversation and Mr. Antolini's head-rubbing serve a similar purpose: they upset Holden's view of the way things are or the way he believes they ought to be. Identical stylistic devices are used differently in languages; they perform different functions and have different value in stylistic system of their language what actually explains their necessity when transformations in translation occur. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST. American characteristic of the languages ability to adapt nouns into adjectives and nouns into adverbs (usually by adding a letter), which is, unfortunately, not possible in Romanian and thus the translators had to find suitable translation adaptation methods since our languages grammatical patterns do not allow similar adaptations. This phenomenon the connection of words with completely various semantic features is peculiar to all languages, but in each language it has various rules and traditions. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliffI mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. Inter-semiotic translation or transmutation (an interpretation of verbal signs of non-verbal sign systems). In the book there are many examples of the theme of the painfulness of growing up in the book. In the end can be concluded that the main Lexical translation problems are: Practically, stylistic devices in almost all languages are similar still though their functions in speech vary. Lodge suggests that Salingerunbeknownst to his critics - was playing a kind of Shandean game. Offering a bold alternative to the famously critical 1961 review of Franny and Zooey in which John Updike concedes that Salingers fiction matches the tint and shape of present American life, but insists that it pays the price. J. D. Salinger used a lot of epithets in his work The Cather in the Ray in order to present a good characteristic of the characters which are in the work and of the objects that he used in his work the epithets were used for pointing out to the reader some of the properties or features of the characters and of the objects with the aim of giving an individual perception and evaluation of these features or properties. For example, Louis Menand said that the early stories of Pulitzer Prize- winner Philip Roth- were affected by J. D. Salinger. for a group? Stylistic (translational) equivalence, where there is `functional equivalence of elements in both original and translation aiming at an expressive identity with an invariant of identical meaning'. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. Salinger uses loneliness also as a means to change in life. Holden is dealing with the loss of his brother, the fact that he his still a child on his way to adulthood and some serious emotions. What did Holden write Stradlater's composition about *? He clearly identifies with those on the other side of the game, and he feels alone and victimized, as though the world is against him. The third type of difficulty is the need to be sensitive to total context, including the intended audience of the translation. The glove was covered with poems which Allie had written on it so he could read them when he became bored in the outfield. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. As suggested by Kussmaul (1995), it is a good practice to classify the kinds of errors/difficulties. He also recounts that the night Allie died, he slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his bare hands. He uses letters and phone calls and he connect different ideas, like innocence and adolescence with the Hollywoods corruption. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. "Allie has written poetry all over the glove so he has something to read when he gets bored in the outfield. Generally speaking, the more difficult an expression is to understand and the less sense it makes in a given context, the more likely a translator will recognize it as an idiom. Nothing. This research paper consist of two chapters. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! In Salingers Catcher in the Rye, Salinger refers greatly in one chapter to ducks in central park. When Holden finally snaps and attacks his roommate, Stradlater easily overpowers him, and when he tries to seek refuge in Ackleys room, Ackley is so unpleasant that Holden cannot relax. "Aw, the World's a Crumby Place." It is often subsumed under the general umbrella of 'relying on the context to disambiguate meanings', which, among other things, means using our knowledge of collocational patterns to decode the meaning of a word or a stretch of language. As the book progresses, however, we learn that Holden has built cynical psychological armour around himself to protect himself from the complexities of the world. Concerning the translation of comparison as a stylistic device, the difficulties arise only if the words of English and other languages are various in the semantic structure. This chapter has also centered on presenting the major themes from Salingers literary highpoint, his novel and his Nine Stories collection. Ackley's room He desires independence because he feels that the world is an inhospitable, ugly place that, he feels, deserves only contempt.
why does holden write the composition for stradlater
