This should help you stand and sit straight. You can help prevent neck and shoulder pain by sitting and walking with correct posture, and changing your daily movements to avoid stress on your neck or shoulders. Change your plan as needed. I have had this discomfort for about six months and need to know what it is. Yet smokers make up more than 50%of patients whoseek pain treatment. However, everyone is different, and some people have withdrawal symptoms for several months after quitting (3, 4). Or try visualizing yourself in a peaceful setting. Marijuana: Does Smoking Weed Regularly Turn You Into A Dope? Ice, heat and massage therapy. Smoking damages blood vessels that the spinal discs need for nourishment, according to Leavitt. However, the health benefits of quitting far outweigh the health risks of a small amount of extra weight. This will help reduce swelling. 2019. People between 40 and 60 years old and people with diabetes are at greatest risk. Is quitting cold turkey an effective method? Policy. Smoking impairs the immune system and increases the risk of infection after surgery.. Any relief you feel will be short-term. About 18% of people in the United States are smokers, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mental symptoms include anger, irritability and restlessness, anxiety and depression, difficulty concentrating or mental confusion and insomnia. If anxiety occurs, it usually builds over the first 3 days after quitting and may last several weeks (1). It wont last forever!, Im a better driver now that Im not smoking while driving.. After a stroke, it is common to experience muscles spasms or increased tightness in the shoulder, and this can lead to pain. What can I do about anxiety after I quit? Quit Tobacco: Is Cold Turkey the Best Way? This is usually due to strains or sprains that have occurred on that side, or due to a bad sleeping position. If you are experiencing serious medical symptoms, seek emergency treatment immediately. A U.S. Public Health Service report. Managing nicotine addiction. Smoking cigarettes causes temporary changes in your brain chemistry that can cause you to experience decreased anxiety, enhanced pleasure, and alert relaxation. Injury to the AC joint commonly happens when you fall directly on your shoulder. Ways to manage: Doing some physical activity can help shake loose your jumpiness. De Biasi M, Salas R. Influence of neuronal nicotinic receptors over nicotine addiction and withdrawal. Feeling jumpy and restless. Slowly tilt your head straight back, looking up at the ceiling. Cracking your neck gently or only on occasion generally won't cause you any harm. Our syndication services page shows you how. People prone to depression are 25 percent more likely to experience it when they try quitting smoking, and depressed smokers have a very low success rate, reports "The New York Times." Some of the postures and activities that commonly contribute to neck and shoulder pain are: While sudden pain in the chest or arms may be a sign of a heart attack, pain and numbness in the neck, back, or jaw are also symptoms. Its part of what makes smoking so addictive. So they just put it down to IBS which doesn't really tell me anything. Covey LS. Thanks alot. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Neck pain/pressure in head after smoking/consuming weed So this started probably a month and a bit ago when I was baked playing some PC games, I noticed that the back of my neck/right below the base of my skull (kinda where the hairline ends) was really sore. This may occur long after your body is no longer addicted to nicotine. It lifts up the scapula bone that connects your upper arm and collarbone. Taylor G, Mcneill A, Girling A, Farley A, Lindson-hawley N, Aveyard P. Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis. You may be used to smoking when drinking beer, wine, liquor, or mixed drinks. Breathe in deeply and slowly while you count to five, and then breathe out slowly, counting to five again. Constipation, gas, nausea and stomach pain are physical withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking withdrawal. Wrap the ice pack in a towel and use it for up to 20 minutes, 5 times a day. Some unhealthy habits, such as smoking, can add to cervical disc degeneration. Also, the urge to smoke may be stronger at different mealtimes. Here are some tips for managing cravings: Go online to Smokefree.gov, a website created by NCI's Tobacco Control Research Branch, and use the step-by-step personalized quit plan to learn about other tips for managing cravings. Try this breathing exercise: Take a deep breath through your nose and blow out slowly through your mouth. Suck on cough drops or hard candies to ease a dry and scratchy sore throat. Limit your contact with smokers, especially in the early weeks of quitting. Rodway I. You may have become used to smoking while drivingto relax in a traffic jam or to stay alert on a long drive. Strengthening the rhomboid muscles so they're more resistant to the forward pull of gravity can help reverse kyphosis and the forward head posture it causes. Exercise activates endorphins, chemicals in the brain that can help block or lessen pain. Here are some tips for managing these negative feelings: Within 24 hours of quitting smoking or other tobacco products, you may feel tense and agitated. I was thinking it could've been Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome because those symptoms seem to match me exactly minus the vomiting. What can I do about anger, frustration, and irritability after I quit? Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. The pain could be caused by muscle strain from coughing or body aches from a fever, Anegawa says. Stingers occur when the shoulder and head go in opposite directions, the head is moved quickly to one side, or the area above the collarbone is hit. Between sips of coffee or tea, take deep breaths to inhale the aroma. Like many smokers, you may like to light up when driving to and from work to relieve stress, stay alert, relax, or just pass the time. Learn how we can help. Short-term relief from nicotine brings long-term problems. Begin each day with deep breathing and by drinking one or more glasses of water. There is no evidence that these alternative approaches help tobacco users who are trying to quit. Take deep breaths to reduce muscle tension. Frozen shoulder is a condition where it becomes increasingly difficult and painful to move your shoulder. His lifetime exposure to tobacco was 120 pack years. Your vertebrae move closer together. Try some of the following tips and prevention methods at home: over a year ago, Hi I have been smoking marijuana for 4 years now and have just recently started having discomfort on my right side by my ribs and in my right shoulder. The most common causes of head and neck cancer are excessive use of alcohol and tobacco. you believe youre having a medical emergency. Marijuana And An Acid Reflux Diet: Does Smoking Pot Make Your Heartburn Worse? as they relate to chronic back and neck pain . These are serious medical emergencies that require immediate help. Pain often occurs on one side of the neck. The therapist can give you a home exercise routine tailored to your needs. You can also start a new exercise program. Broken collarbone. Hold your head there for 5 to 10 seconds. Headache is one of the most common sources of physical pain associated with smoking withdrawal. What can I do about depression after I quit? Between these bones are cervical discs that absorb shock to the spine. E-Cigarettes: The Savior Delivering You From Smoking, Or A Wolf In Sheep's Clothes. Schnoll RA, Goelz PM, Veluz-wilkins A, et al. If youre on the phone a lot, get a headset. Lowe JA. Nonsurgical treatments are effective for about 80 percent of people with rotator cuff tears. The interaction of nicotine withdrawal and panic disorder in the prediction of panic-relevant responding to a biological challenge. Repeat 10 times. Dr. Leavitt suggests more research should be conducted on other lifestyle factors (e.g., diets high in fat vs. plant-based, alcohol use, obesity, etc.) Answer (1 of 6): Stop smoking meth. Keep your hands busy by nibbling on healthy foods, doodling, playing games on your phone, or making a list of tasks for the day. Give them specific examples of things that are helpful (such as not smoking around you) and things that are not helpful (like asking you to buy cigarettes for them). In fact, smoking may increase pain sensitivity in general. Use the exercises mentioned above or ask your doctor. muscle spasms in the neck and . Frozen shoulder. Instability of the shoulder. When you quit smoking, drinking coffee or tea without smoking may make you feel sad. Current smokers were found to have more cervical degenerative disc disease and were given a "damage score" that was about one point higher, on average. A study of over 6,000 Kentucky women found that those who smoked had a greater chance of having fibromyalgia, sciatica, chronic neck pain, chronic back pain and joint pain than non-smokers. The discs, located between your vertebrae, absorb shock to the spine. We include products we think are useful for our readers. Some common symptoms of lung infections are thick mucus, sharp chest pains, and wheezing accompanied by fever, aches, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Tilt your head to the right side, as though youre aiming your ear to your shoulder. Yes. If youre not driving, find something to do with your hands. Back pain can impact individuals of any age, for various reasons. Take an alternate route to work or try carpooling. Long-term use of nicotine replacement products has not been associated with any serious harmful effects (12). It involves injecting a small amount of anesthetic or a steroid into the neck, Cervical myelopathy is a progressive condition that often worsens over time. Or an aching joint? This is another example of the detrimental effects of smoking. The findings were to be presented Thursday at the Association of Academic Physiatrists' annual meeting, in Sacramento, Calif. "This is another example of the detrimental effects of smoking. (2013). The Clinical Practice Guideline Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence 2008 Update Panel, Liaisons, and Staff. How can I resist the urge to smoke when Im feeling bored? If mild depression occurs, it will usually begin within the first day, continue for a couple of weeks, and go away within a month. Want to use this content on your website or other digital platform? Lancet 2001; 357(9272):19291932. The tendons and bursa around your rotator cuff are especially prone to inflammation that causes pain and stiffness around your shoulder. It doesnt hurt to move my shoulder or stretch my side. The doctor may also order a spinal tap (lumbar puncture), if they suspect an infection. 6. Quitting smoking can cause changes in your intestinal and bowel movements and the anxiety related to smoking withdrawal may also come into play when you experience physical pain related to the gastrointestinal system. Theyll want to know when your pain started and what symptoms you have. In between each vertebra is soft material known as discs. It typically occurs in an auto collision. The severity of the pain will usually alert you that you need to seek medical help. 2011;4:119-28. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S14243, Bruijnzeel AW. As part of the arthritis, you can also develop bone spurs. It's also . Heat reduces muscle tightness and stiffness, increases blood flow to the area, and helps your muscles relax. Trigger point injections are a potential treatment option for neck pain. The discs, located between your vertebrae, absorb shock to the spine. Takeaway. McLaughlin I, Dani JA, De Biasi M. Nicotine withdrawal. If you're hoping to use neck exercises to relieve your pain, it's important to determine the severity of your pain first. 3. Dont use your neck and shoulders to support the phone. Shoulder pain can stem from one or more of the following causes: Strains from overexertion. This urge will go away in a few minutes., So, Im not enjoying this car ride. Find out more about the benefits of quitting by taking this quiz. Your mood may change when you have cravings, and your heart rate and blood pressure may go up. Aging can also contribute to rotator cuff tears. Move! Just like your mind gets irritated without nicotine at first, the rest of your body can, too. After you quit, the cilia return to their normal shape and function, pushing toxic deposits out of the lungs to be coughed up. I noticed that whenever I got high the pain would increase tenfold. For most other situations, home remedies, physical therapy, and massage will bring improvement. Follow workplace ergonomic tips to break out of bad habits: Neck and shoulder pain is usually the result of strains and sprains from overexertion or bad posture. It also dosnt hurt to take deep breaths or when I touch my side or shoulder. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. 2019;21(3):377-382. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty134, Lee H, Kim S, Kim D. Effects of exercise with or without light exposure on sleep quality and hormone reponses. You may feel a pain in the shoulder thats actually coming from your neck, and vice versa. Stand with your back against the wall. Idk if it was because I was noticing it more because I was high or what but it was so painful and felt like I had to crack my neck or something to release the pressure. We explain why you may have neck pain with meningitis and what you can do about it. Clavicle fracture (broken collarbone). Remind yourself that these feelings are temporary. A systematic review of the literature. The casual cannabis community, Press J to jump to the feed. (2015). What can I do about nicotine cravings after I quit? It wasn't usually until 2 days after that the pain subsided a bit so that I could focus on study while sitting down. Thats the conclusion of a new study being presented this week at the annual meeting of the Association of Academic Physiatrists. As you go longer without smoking, you will get better at handling stress, especially if you learn stress reduction and relaxation techniques. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006; 1: CD000009. I am a somewhat tense person and do suffer from anxiety problems as well. Move your palms against the wall as high as you can and then down. Pain News Network is a 501 (c) (3) non-profit online news service for information and commentary about chronic pain and pain management. If the soft inner portion of a disc protrudes through its harder exterior, its called a slipped, herniated, or prolapsed disc. Buy an electric or a microwaveable heating pad and two or three gel packs you can keep in the freezer. Also, it may help to know that nicotine withdrawal symptoms do subside over time. 4 ways to relieve pain from a neck problem Physical therapy or yoga to increase range of motion and strength. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Scapula fractures can happen in high-impact injuries such as motorcycle or motor vehicle collisions. National Cancer Institute. A doctor may also refer you to a physical therapist who can work on your soft tissue and muscles to ease the pain. 2017;15:15. doi:10.1186/s12971-017-0120-4. If this happens in your neck, it can cause a pinched nerve. Experts believe this is because the cancerous cells in the lungs may interfere with nicotine addiction. Hi everyone. Hold for 5 to 10 seconds. For example, think of how healthy you will be when all smoking effects are gone from your body and you can call yourself smokefree. Weeks 1-6, Weeks 7-8, Weeks 9-10. Your urge to smoke may be stronger with certain foods, such as spicy or sweet foods. Policy. At first theese symptoms would appear only for a couple of days after i smoke, as time went by it got to a point where i could feel it on a daily basis, and the pain in my shoulder and arm started being very intense and the veins in my shoulder and arm felt like they were burning and tingling, also i started being short of breath like all the time. You can develop sore chest muscles from coughing and because nicotine cravings may increase muscle tension, reports the Canadian Lung Association. This new study found that. (bad panic attacks) My shoulders hurt so bad right now that it hurts to just rub the muscles. Bursa are fluid-filled sacs that prevent friction at joints. a 4-week history of right shoulder and chest pain radiating to the back. Shoulder pain causes include: Avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis) (death of bone tissue due to limited blood flow) Brachial plexus injury. Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. loss of balance. Stay alert. Rotator cuff pain can be caused by playing sports that involve throwing or overhead reaching, such as baseball and swimming. Be sure no cigarettes are available. Tendons are strong fibers that attach muscles to your bone. Pain in nearby muscle groups: Shoulder or back pain, for example. Women in the study who smoked daily more than doubled their odds of having chronic pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nurses' exposure to a demanding psychosocial work environment during the first three years after graduation and the occurrence of severe back pain and neck/shoulder pain in the longer term, 11-15 years later. However, these topics are usually geared towards heart health, lowering blood pressure, managing diabetes, or controlling other medical conditions, and not specific to the spine, Leavitt said. Managing withdrawal. It is far less harmful for a person to get nicotine from a nicotine replacement product than from cigarettes because tobacco smoke contains many toxic and cancer-causing substances. Are there alternative methods to help people deal with nicotine withdrawal? Here are some tips for people in such a situation: Many smokers light up a cigarette right after they wake up. Instead of reaching for your cigarettes in the morning, here are some tips: Most smokers report that one reason they smoke is to handle stress. If you sit all day, be sure to get up every 30 minutes and walk around. Here are some tips for managing feelings of depression: Learn about the signs of depression and where to go for help at the National Institute of Mental Healths page on depression. Fast forward 2 weeks and uni starts so I cut back on the smoking and I haven't touched any games since but my neck is still pretty sore most of the time. Put a Stop to Nerve Injuries Called Stingers | OSF HealthCare U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Theres usually pain in the center of the chest, which can spread to the left arm, shoulders, neck, back, and jaw. Wow, I couldn't have worded it better myself. When you give up smoking, expect to feel a strong urge to reach for a cigarette while drinking coffee or tea. (1994). Is it bad to smoke tobacco or marijuana on birth control? Bone spurs can cause a pinching of the nerves that run through the hollow space in the vertebrae. Putting my arms behind my head while laying in bed also causes great discomfort. You may look to cigarettes for help coping with pain, anxiety or stress, but there are healthier ways to do that, he says. Headache is one of the most common sources of physical pain associated with smoking withdrawal. The collarbone (clavicle) is the slightly curved bone at the top of your chest that runs from your shoulder blades to your rib cage. Depending on the cause of your neck pain, Botox might help you find relief. Decreasing blood and nutrient flow can cause degeneration, particularly in discs of the spine, which already have more limited blood flow. In very rare cases, it can be referred pain from causes such as gallstones or cancer. Characteristics of neck and shoulder pain in the Japanese general population. What can I do about weight gain after I quit? Anyway last night I decided to try an edible to see if the pain was maybe related to the actual smoking but sure enough I got the exact same pain and today I have the same bad neck pain even though I've taken my Mobic tablet this morning. The nicotine in tobacco can trick the body into feeling good at first. Big deal! Pipes & Cigars: Less Harmful Than Cigarettes? Brain Behav. Carim-todd L, Mitchell SH, Oken BS. White AR, Rampes H, Campbell J. Acupuncture and related interventions for smoking cessation. Studies have found that anxiety is one of the most common negative feelings associated with quitting. Identify your specific feelings at the time that you seem depressed. Two emergency conditions heart attack and stroke can also cause sudden neck and shoulder pain. Perform the following stretches as three or four circuits at a time: The levator scapula muscle is located at the side and back of your neck, on each side. 2015. If your neck and shoulder pain is mild, you can help relieve the pain with home remedies. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 2009; 11(6):765771. Stay away from the places you usually drink alcohol. Rehearse and visualize your relaxation plan. neck, and/or arms. Do not let fear of gaining weight discourage you from quitting. Acid Reflux Diet And Tobacco: Does Smoking Cause Heartburn? It can also be helpful to use honey or an over-the-counter cough drop to ease any throat irritation. (See also: AANS Cervical Spine Patient Page).The discs in the spine that separate and cushion vertebrae may dry out. Pain and spine clinics are filled with patients who suffer chronic neck and back pain, and this study provides the physician with more ammunition to use when educating them about their need to quit smoking.. However, in clinical studies these alternative therapies have not been found to help people quit using tobacco (13). Current smokers had more advanced cervical degenerative disc disease than nonsmokers, according to the study. Nicotine replacement therapy. If the urge to smoke is very strong, drink your coffee or tea more quickly than usual and then change activities or rooms. American Cancer Society. (2016). Take a break from sports or other activities that may aggravate the area. We avoid using tertiary references. As you age, your discs lose water content and become stiffer. When these muscles and/or tendons are torn, it's called a rotator cuff injury . Five forms of nicotine replacement therapy have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Using a long-acting form of nicotine replacement therapy (like the patch) along with a short-acting form (like the gum or the lozenge) can be especially helpful for managing nicotine withdrawal (10). Inflammation of the tendons (tendinitis) and the bursa (bursitis) are common causes of shoulder pain, but pain can occur anywhere that inflammation occurs. Try relaxation techniques, such as progressive muscle relaxation or. Recurrent lung infections can also be a sign of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer death among smokers. Symptoms include: If your neck and shoulder pain is mild, you can help relieve the pain with home remedies. Ask your primary care doctor about medication or nicotine replacement products. The cervical spine is located in the neck and is made up of bones called vertebrae. I have really bad pain on the sides . If you're looking for a neck and back massager to relieve sore muscles, we have 10 to consider. Quitting smoking is suddenly easy. doi:10.1136/bmj.g1151, Moylan S, Jacka FN, Pasco JA, Berk M. How cigarette smoking may increase the risk of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders: a critical review of biological pathways. This is also known as cervical radiculopathy. Studies show that. Youll often experience cold-like withdrawal symptoms from quitting smoking. Family members and friends may actually encourage smoking to end the hostility and/or mood changes a smoker goes through during smoking withdrawal. . Steps 2 and 3 allow you to gradually reduce your level of nicotine. People who quit may gain weight due to increased appetite. Anyway I decided to see the doc and he prescribed me some Mobic which is basically like longer lasting ibuprofen and the days following I started feeling pretty good. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. They become dehydrated and shrink with age, and this degeneration can lead to neck pain. For more severe symptoms, see a doctor. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Spine health is no different, and this study adds to existing studies that have looked at blood vessel health as it relates to chronic back pain," he said. Brush your teeth or use mouthwash right after meals. A Report of the Surgeon General. Your desire to smoke after meals may depend on whether you are alone, with other smokers, or with nonsmokers. Yes, it can be. Rotate your head gently to the right, as though youre looking over your shoulder. Try to touch your shoulder blades with your fingers, keeping in mind you'll only be . Pain specifically in the right shoulder can be a sign of gallstones or an inflamed gallbladder. Ask others to help you stay quit. Smokers are nearly three times as likely to getlower back pain. If you believe you or someone else may be having a stroke, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. In severe cases, the degeneration may . Because the nicotine in tobacco is highly addictive, people who quit may experience nicotine withdrawal symptoms, especially if they have smoked or used other tobacco products heavily for many years. Treatments include keeping the neck moving, neck exercises and painkillers. About 18%of people in the United States are smokers, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nicotine Tob Res. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. How can I resist the urge to smoke when I'm driving or riding in a car? Researchers are exploring even more physiological reasons why smoking makes people withfibromyalgia, arthritis and other chronic pain hurt more. Expect to want to smoke after meals. Dr. Barnett actively counsels patients to quit smoking. 2013;27(1):90-101. National Cancer Institute Once you pinpoint high-risk trigger situations, you can start to develop new ways to handle them. The result can be lower back pain and sometimes osteoporosis. 14 tips to get you through the first hard days. If surgery is required, the basic procedure is to put the broken ends of the bone back together and fix them in place to prevent them from moving as they heal. Hi i'm having the same issue for a over a few years now. Cervical spondylosis (Arthritis of the neck). Reduce caffeine by limiting or avoiding coffee, soda, and tea. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. Also I'd rarely have like a solid shit it was usually pretty mushy (lol couldn't think of a better word) and I'd usually shit right after waking up again and then usually around 2 hours later as well and then after that I felt not too bad. Feeling jumpy or restless during the first days or weeks after quitting is normal. over a year ago, Guest Physicians also link smoking with fatigue and slower healing, factors that make painful conditions more prominent. This can irritate the lining of the joints in a condition known as cervical osteoarthritis. 2010. JAMA Intern Med. If you smoke 10 or less cigarettes per day, do not use STEP 1 (21 mg). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Go outdoors, if you can, but not to places you associate with smoking. Neck Cracking: Is It Safe or Should I Stop? Many people find it helpful to drink less alcohol or avoid it completely. Or aching joints? They become dehydrated and shrink with age, and this degeneration can lead to neck pain. What are some of the triggers for tobacco use? The pain may be sudden and sharp. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214252. Injection of cortisone to reduce inflammation or local anesthetics to relieve pain. Keeping your mouth busy may stop the psychological need to smoke. These negative feelings peak within 1 week of quitting and may last 2 to 4 weeks (1). Read More. The 9 Best Neck Massagers for Neck and Shoulder Pain. NSW Department of Health reminds smokers that coughing is the way your lungs cleanse themselves of mucus and tar 3. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012; 1:CD006219. Tilt your head forward touching your chin to your chest, and hold that position for 5 to 10 seconds. Tobacco cessation among patients with depression. Mind you I didn't smoke any weed during this time, so for like 3 days I felt pretty good with minimal pain. Is it because you associate feeling happy with being around other smokers? Collar or upper arm bone fractures . a grinding or popping sensation when turning the neck. From an accredited healthcare provider. Nicotine replacement therapy for quitting tobacco. Are you actually feeling tired, lonely, bored, or hungry? These account for around 75 percent of cases. Neck and shoulder pain is usually the result of strains and sprains from overexertion or bad posture. 2011;13:677-85. Gumina S, et al. After you quit, cravings develop when your body wants nicotine. Food often tastes better after you quit smoking, and you may have a bigger appetite. A doctor will physically examine you and take a medical history. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 2007; 9(3):315327. Women in the study who smoked daily more than doubled their odds of having chronic pain. I have been experiencing tons of pain in my shoulder and neck area. "Pain and spine clinics are filled with patients who suffer chronic neck and back pain, and this study provides the physician with more ammunition to use when educating them about their need to quit smoking," he added in an association news release. Symptoms include intense pain when you move your arm and swelling at the back of your shoulder. Let's discuss how it's done and who is a good candidate for, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. For example, set aside an hour where you can get away from other people and your usual environment. Copyright 2023 Pain News Network / Terms of Use / Privacy Policy / Advertising / Surveys / Donors.
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